Title: Management of complex cardiovascular problems / edited by Thach Nguyen, Dayi Hu. ISBN 047 (Adobe PDF) ISBN 054 (ePub). Hueb W, Lopes NH, Gersh BJ, Soares P, Machado LA, Jatene FB, Oliveira SA. Defibrillators) [42], CASH (Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg) [44], and CIDS.

This paper discusses how globalization and its elements are influencing health dynamics and in particular Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Ghana. It assesses the growing burden of CVDs and its relationship with globalization. It further describes the conceptual framework on which to view the impact of globalization on CVDs in Ghana. It also set out the dimensions of the relationship between CVD risk factors and globalization.

The paper concludes with a discussion on strategies for tackling the growing burden of CVDs in Ghana. Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs): Diseases of the heart or blood vessels, which include Coronary artery disease (CAD), Stroke, Peripheral arterial disease and aortic disease, have assumed significant importance in the global public health arena.

CVDs are now regarded as the number one cause of death globally and are projected to remain so for many years to come (). In 2012, an estimated 17.5 million people died from CVDs, representing 31% of all global deaths (). Of these deaths, an estimated 7.4 million were due to CAD and 6.7 million were due to stroke (). English songs mp3 free download. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that there will be nearly 20 million CVD-related deaths globally in 2015 (). Interestingly, about 80% of CVD-related deaths as well as 87% of CVD-related disabilities worldwide are known to occur in low and middle-income countries (). In sub-Saharan Africa, the region regarded to comprise of the youngest population globally (), the pattern of CVD-related morbidity and mortality has been rather interesting. Between 1990 and 2013, Sub-Saharan Africa remained the only part of the world where CVD-related deaths increased (). Layar kaca 21 download film 5 cm.

In other regions, the rates were steady or declined. CVD-related deaths account for nearly 9.2% of all deaths and also the leading cause of death among those aged over 45 years in the African region ().

CVDs also account for about 7-10% of all adult medical admissions to hospitals within Africa, with heart failure alone representing around 3-7% (). Although, Africa has the lowest CAD death rates, Cerebrovascular accident (stroke) death rates are comparable to those in Western high-income countries (). In 2010, Stroke was the leading CVD cause of death and mortality in Africa. In 2012 alone, there were nearly half a million deaths due to stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa and this represented 4.4% of all deaths in the region (). In Africa, the prevalence of Rheumatic Heart disease—the most important form of acquired CVD in children and adolescents remains the highest globally (15-20 per 1,000 population) ().